Yarjejeniyar masu hakar ma'adinai ta kasar Sin ta yi tashin hankali tana ci gaba da tsayawa kan matsalolin da suka shafi tsari

Ci gaban binciken da Ostiraliya da Kanada masu arzikin ma'adinai na iya yanke yarjejeniyoyin da masu hakar ma'adinai na kasar Sin ke jagoranta tare da takaita rawar da Beijing ke takawa wajen karfafa bangaren gwal, in ji ma'aikatan banki da manazarta.

Shandong Gold da Zijin Mining sun yi jigilar kayayyaki daga yankin Arctic na Kanada zuwa Kudancin Amurka zuwa yammacin Afirka a wannan shekara.

Kwanan nan Kanada da Ostiraliya sun tsaurara takunkumi kan saka hannun jari daga kamfanonin da ke samun goyan bayan jihohi, saboda fargabar tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin da barkewar cutar sankara ke haifarwa zai sauƙaƙa siyan kadarori masu mahimmanci. Babu takamaiman ƙasashe da aka sanya suna ƙarƙashin jagororin da aka sabunta.

Kudaden da kamfanonin kasar Sin ke yi kan kamfanonin lithium na Australia na fuskantar koma baya bisa ka'ida yayin da a watan da ya gabata kungiyar Goldsea ta kasar Sin ta yi watsi da batun neman kamfanin hakar gwal na Alta Metals bayan da hukumar kula da zuba jari ta Australia (FIRB) ta nemi karin lokaci don duba yarjejeniyar.

Matakin FIRB “abin takaici ne kwarai da gaske,” Graeme Testar, darektan PCF Capital Group a Perth, ya fada wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters. "Wannan zinari ne, ba ya cikin jerin ma'adanai masu mahimmanci."

Hukumar ta ce a watan da ya gabata za ta tantance duk yarjejeniyoyin da wani mai saka hannun jari na kasashen waje ya sayi sha'awar "kasuwancin tsaron kasa" ba tare da la'akari da kima ba. A cikin watan Afrilu ta toshe hannun jari guda biyu da masu hakar ma'adinai na kasar Sin suka yi a cikin muhimman ma'adanai, irin su lithium da cobalt da ake amfani da su a manyan fasahohin zamani kamar makamashin da ake sabuntawa, batir motocin lantarki, da tsaro.

“Tsarin saka hannun jari na Ostiraliya a bayyane yake, a bayyane da kuma maraba. Muna maraba da saka hannun jari daga kowace kasa da kuma kowane bangare na tattalin arziki, ”in ji wata mai magana da yawun Ma’aikatar Baitulmali ta Australia.

Matsaloli

Wasu ma'aikatan banki sun damu cewa FIRB na iya hana Tianqi Lithium ta China sayar da wani yanki na hannun jarin 51% na Greenbushes na Australia, mafi girma a ma'adinin lithium a duniya, ga mai siyan China.

"(Masu saye na kasar Sin) suna ci gaba da nuna sha'awa kuma suna son fuskantar karuwar matsalar FIRB," in ji Sherif Andrawes, shugaban BDO na albarkatun kasa na duniya, yana magana game da fannin gabaɗaya.

"Ra'ayi ɗaya shine cewa ƙarin cikas ga masu siyan ƙasashen waje ya taimaka wa masu siye na Australiya," in ji shi.

Kanada ta yi tsokaci game da haɓakar haɗari ga tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziki da tsaron ƙasa kuma ta ce duk saka hannun jarin kamfanonin mallakar gwamnati za su fuskanci ingantaccen bincike. Sashen Innovation, Kimiyya da Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki Kanada, wanda ke sa ido kan saka hannun jari na ketare, ya ƙi yin tsokaci fiye da manufofin gwamnati lokacin da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya tuntube shi.

Ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai na kasar Sin suna zawarcin ciniki saboda iyakacin binciken cikin gida, David Bo, tsohon manaja a ma'adinan Ivanhoe, ya ce.

Kimanin kashi 60% na kungiyar Xilingol mai arzikin albarkatun kasa da ke yankin Mongoliya ta ciki ta kasar Sin ba ta da iyaka ga masu hakar ma'adinai saboda matakan kare muhalli, wanda hakan ya kara zaburar da masu hakar ma'adinai na kasar Sin yin ciniki, kamar yadda wani jami'in ma'adinai na Beijing ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters. Babban jami'in ya ki yarda a bayyana shi saboda kamfaninsa na kan aiwatar da shirin neman wata kadara a ketare.

Shandong Gold yana jiran amincewa don siyan albarkatun TMAC da aka jera a Toronto, wanda ke aiki da ma'adinan zinare a yankin Nunavut na Arctic na Kanada. Masu hannun jari na TMAC sun amince da yarjejeniyar a watan da ya gabata.

Jakadan kasar Sin a Canada Cong Peiwu ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters a wata hira da aka yi da shi a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni cewa, "Har yanzu fatanmu ne cewa Kanada za ta samar da yanayi mai adalci, adalci da rashin nuna wariya ga kamfanonin kasar Sin su zuba jari da gudanar da ayyukansu a Canada."

Amma wurin Arctic na ma'adinan TMAC's Hope Bay na iya haifar da damuwa, in ji lauyoyi da manazarta tsaro.

Akwai "wata babbar dama" Kanada ta toshe sayan, in ji Jonathan Miller, mataimakin darekta kuma babban jami'in Cibiyar Macdonald-Laurier da ke Ottawa.

Tashin hankali ya samo asali ne sakamakon kama Huawei Technologies CFO, Meng Wanzhou, bayan da Beijing a watan Yuni ta tuhumi wasu 'yan Canada biyu da ake tsare da su da laifin leken asiri.

"Daga wannan hangen nesa ina tsammanin zai zama da wahala," in ji Miller.

30CrNiMoRe Alloy Karfe Don Simintin Hamada Shredder

Abokin cinikinmu na Finland ya yi amfani da guduma na manganese karfe shredder don murkushe kayan sake sarrafa karfe. Duk da haka, guduma manganese kawai zai iya gudu a kusa da 150 hours. Ta hanyar nazarin guduma da aka yi amfani da shi, taurin saman da aka yi amfani da shi shine kawai HB186-222. Kawai 'yan hatsi ne kawai aka samo don zamewa akan farfajiyar amfani, kuma mafi yawansu sun kasance daidai da tsarin matrix. Don haka injiniyanmu ya ba da shawarar 30CrNiMo alloy karfe jefa waccan guduma.

Haɗin Sinadaran 30CrNiMo

Nickel yana inganta ƙarfin ƙarfi da taurin tsarin ƙarfe. Lokacin da ake amfani da nickel da chromium tare, taurin yana da ƙarfi sosai, fiye da lokacin da aka ƙara abubuwa biyu su kaɗai. Koyaya, Karfe na Cr Ni yana kula da zafin fushi, wanda za'a iya shawo kan shi ta hanyar ƙara platinum. Ƙara wani adadin ƙasa mai wuya a cikin simintin ƙarfe na gami zai iya daidaita tsarin ƙarfe, tsarkake iyakokin hatsi, haɓaka abubuwan da aka haɗa, don haɓaka tasirin tauri da kaddarorin simintin ƙarfe. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran karafa, Cr Ni Pt re karfe wani nau'i ne na kayan da ba za a iya jurewa ba tare da tauri mai ƙarfi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Ana nuna takamaiman abun da ke tattare da sinadarai a cikin Table 1.

Samar da Gudanarwa

Smelting: Ana amfani da tsarin iskar oxygen a cikin 5T EAF. Oxidation zafin jiki ≥ 1550 decarburization adadin ≥ 0.30%. Adadin decarburization bai ƙasa da 0.01% / min ba. Kafin bugawa, an saka 1.0kg/t aluminum, kuma ana ƙara gami tare da kwararar ƙarfe. Molding: guduro yashi ga core yashi, 8 guda kowane akwati. Ayyukan simintin gyare-gyare na wannan ƙarfe yana kama da na matsakaicin carbon karfe. Domin inganta yawan simintin gyare-gyare na sashin aiki na shredder guduma, ana sanya mai tashi a kai.

The zafi magani tsari ne 900-920 ℃ ruwa quenching, da kuma tempering a 200 ℃.

Sakamako

Bayan gama wannan samfurin, mun aika da saiti biyu ga abokin cinikinmu. Dangane da martanin abokin ciniki, wannan gami karfe shredder guduma tsawon rayuwa na iya zama sau 2-2.5 fiye da guduma karfe na manganese na al'ada.

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