Ua hoʻomaka hou ka 80% o nā mines Mexico i nā hana
Ma kahi o 80% o ka ʻoihana mining o Mexico ua hoʻomaka hou i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻāina i nā mea paʻa i ka poʻe miners ma waena o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus, ʻo Francisco Quiroga, ka luna kākau ʻōlelo o Mexico me ka Ministry of Economy o ka ʻāina, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hālāwai ninaninau me S&P Global Market Intelligence .
Ua pani ka ʻāina i ka ʻoihana mining i ka hopena o Malaki ma ka pane ʻana i ka covid-19 a hoʻomaka e ʻae i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana i ka waena o Mei ma hope o ka haʻi ʻana i ka mining i kahi lawelawe koʻikoʻi.
Ua hoʻomaka nā hana e piʻi i luna ma Newmont's Penasquito mine gula a me Alamos Gold's Mulatos mine gula.
Ma ka Pōʻakahi, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Excellon Resources (TSX: EXN) i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o kāna mau hana ma ka ʻāina, me Platosa, ka ʻoihana kālā kiʻekiʻe loa o Mexico.
Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ʻo Avino Silver & Gold (TSX: ASM, NYSE: ASM) i ka Pōʻakahi e hoʻomaka ana ia i kahi piʻi ʻana o nā hana hana ma kāna ʻoihana Avino kokoke i Durango, Mexico.
Ua hoʻolaha ka hui ʻimi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana ʻo Bacanora Lithium (LON: BCN) i manaʻo e wehe hou i ka hale hoʻokele ʻo Hermosillo ma kāna papahana lithium Sonora i kēia mahina.
Ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo Endeavor Silver (TSX: EDR) (NYSE: EXK) i kāna ʻekolu ma lalo o ka lepo kālā-gula ma Mekiko. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo Fortuna Silver Mines (NYSE: FSM) (TSX: FVI) i kāna hana ma San José mine , ma ka mokuʻāina hema o Oaxaca o Mexico.
ʻO Mekikoka ke kuleana no ka aneane 23% o ka hana kālā kālā o ka honua, e hoʻonui ana ma mua o 200 miliona auneke i ka makahiki i hala, mai ka 196.6 miliona auneke ma 2018.
Loaʻa i ka ʻāina nā mines keleawe nui a me ka zinc, i hoʻokele ʻia e Grupo Mexico a me Southern Copper, a hoʻopuka i ka nui o ke gula, no laila ke kuleana o ka ʻoihana mining ma kahi o 4% o ka waiwai nui o ka ʻāina.
"Ua kapa pinepine nā luna hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻoihana mining i mākaukau maikaʻi loa e hoʻi i nā hana," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Quiroga ma ka hālāwai ninaninau S&P Global Market Intelligence .
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Quiroga e loaʻa i ke Keʻena ʻOihana o Mexico ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino e pili ana i ka coronavirus e nā luna i hiki ke kipa i koʻu mau pūnaewele me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ko lākou hōʻea mua ʻana.
"ʻAʻole lākou e manaʻo hoʻopaʻi," wahi a Quiroga. "Inā he hewa, e kono mākou i nā hui e hoʻoponopono."
Ke Koho Mea Pili Paa Poepoe
ʻO nā mea i ʻoki ʻia, nā kūlana hana ʻokoʻa e pono ai nā liner material e kūpono. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke keʻena wili liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻāpana wili maikaʻi e pono ai i nā mea liner ʻokoʻa.
H&G Machinery i kēia mau mea e hoʻolei ai i kāu liner wili pōlele:
hao Manganese
He 11-14% ka nui o ka manganese o ka mea kila manganese kiʻekiʻe he 11-14%, a he 0.90-1.50% ka nui o ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka nui ma luna o 1.0%. Ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i HB300-400. Ma nā haʻahaʻa hopena kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i HB500-800. Ma muli o ke kaumaha o ka hopena, hiki i ka hohonu o ka papa paʻakikī ke hiki i 10-20mm. Hiki i ka papa paʻakikī me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe ke pale aku i ka hopena a hoʻemi i ka lole abrasive. Loaʻa i ke kila manganese kiʻekiʻe ka hana anti-wear maikaʻi ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka ʻaʻahu abrasive hopena ikaika, no laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻāpana pale ʻaʻahu o ka mining, nā mea hana, ka mana wela, a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Ma lalo o nā kūlana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kila manganese kiʻekiʻe ke hana i nā ʻano o ka mea no ka mea ʻaʻole maopopo ka hopena paʻakikī o ka hana.
Hoʻohui Kimia
Inoa | Ka Hui Kemika(%) | |||||||
C | ʻO Si | ʻO Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
Mn14 Mill Liner | 0.9-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 11-14 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Mn18 Mill Liner | 1.0-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 16-19 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Mechanical waiwai a me metallographic hana
Inoa | ʻO ka ʻili paʻakikī(HB) | Waiwai hopena Ak(J/cm2) | Microstructure |
Mn14 Mill Liner | ≤240 | ≥100 | A+C |
Mn18 Mill Liner | ≤260 | ≥150 | A+C |
C -Carbide | Carbide A-austenite paʻa | Austenite |
Hōʻike huahana
Nui | Hole Dia.(mm) | Ka lōʻihi o ka laina (mm) | ||
≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
Hoʻomanawanui | +20 | +30 | +2 | +3 |
Ke kila kila Chrome
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hao hao chromium kiʻekiʻe (chromium content 8-26% carbon content 2.0-3.6%), medium chromium alloy cast iron (chromium content 4-6%, carbon content 2.0-3.2%), haʻahaʻa chromium ʻEkolu mau ʻano o ka hao i hoʻolei ʻia (chromium content 1-3%, carbon content 2.1-3.6%). ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha ʻo ka microhardness o ka M7C3 eutectic carbide ʻo HV1300-1800, ka mea i puʻunaue ʻia ma ke ʻano o kahi pūnaewele haʻihaʻi a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ka martensite (ke ʻano paʻakikī o ka matrix metal), e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena cleavage ma ka matrix. No laila, ʻo ka liner kiʻekiʻe-chromium alloy he ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka wili pōleʻa, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo kāna hana ke hōʻike nei i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ʻaʻahu metala o kēia manawa.
Hoʻohui Kimia
Inoa | Ka Hui Kemika(%) | |||||||
C | ʻO Si | ʻO Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
Laina Alloy Chrome kiʻekiʻe | 2.0-3.6 | 0-1.0 | 0-2.0 | 8-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Laina Alloy Chrome Waena | 2.0-3.3 | 0-1.2 | 0-2.0 | 4-8 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Laina Alloy Chrome Haahaa | 2.1-3.6 | 0-1.5 | 0-2.0 | 1-3 | 0-1.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Mechanical waiwai a me metallographic hana
Inoa | Ili(HRC) Ak(J/cm2) | Microstructure | ||||
Laina Alloy Chrome kiʻekiʻe | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A | |||
Laina Alloy Chrome Waena | ≥48 | ≥10 | M+C | |||
Laina Alloy Chrome Haahaa | ≥45 | ≥15 | M+C+P | |||
M- Martensite | C – Carbide | A-Austenite | P-Pearlite |
Hōʻike huahana
Nui | Hole Dia.(mm) Liner Length(mm) | |||
≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
Hoʻomanawanui | +20 | +30 | +2 | +3 |
Cr-Mo Alloy Steel
Hoʻohana ʻo H&G Machinery i ke kila kila Cr-Mo e hoʻolei i ka liner wili pōpō. ʻO kēia mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka maʻamau o Australia, (AS2074 Standard L2B, a me AS2074 Standard L2C) hāʻawi ia i ka hopena maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā noi wili semi-autogenous āpau.
Hoʻohui Kimia
Code | Nā ʻElemu Kemika(%) | |||||||
C | ʻO Si | ʻO Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
L2B | 0.6-0.9 | 0.4-0.7 | 0.6-1.0 | 1.8-2.1 | 0.2-0.4 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
L2C | 0.3-0.45 | 0.4-0.7 | 1.3-1.6 | 2.5-3.2 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
Waiwai Kino a me Microstructure
Code | Paʻakikī(HB) | Ak(J/cm2) | Microstructure |
L2B | 325-375 | ≥50 | P |
L2C | 350-400 | ≥75 | M |
M-Martensite, C-Carbide, A-Austenite, P-Pearlite |
Ni-paʻa kila
He hao keʻokeʻo ʻo Ni-Hard, i hoʻohui ʻia me ka nickel a me ka chromium kūpono no ka hopena haʻahaʻa, sliding abrasion no nā noi ʻelua a maloʻo. ʻO Ni-Hard kahi mea ʻaʻahu kūʻokoʻa loa, i hoʻolei ʻia i nā ʻano a me nā ʻano kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaiapuni abrasive a me nā noi.
Hoʻohui Kimia
Inoa | C | ʻO Si | ʻO Mn | Ni | Cr | S | P | Mo | ʻoʻoleʻa |
Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 1-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 550-600HBN |
Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 2.8-3.2 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 500-550HBN |
Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 1.5-2.2 | 0.2-0.8 | 4.0-5.5 | 8.0-10.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 630-670HBN |
Hao Hao Keokeo
Hoʻohui Kimia
Inoa | Ka Hui Kemika(%) | |||||||
C | ʻO Si | ʻO Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
Laina Hao Hao Keokeo | 2.0-3.3 | 0-0.8 | ≤2.0 | 12-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Waiwai Kino a me Microstructure
Inoa | HRC | Ak(J/cm2) | Microstructure |
Laina Hao Hao Keokeo | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A |
M-Martensite C- Carbide A-Austenite |
Inā he nīnau nīnau kūikawā kāu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i kā mākou ʻenekinia e lawelawe iā ʻoe!
Nick Sun [email protected]
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-19-2020