80% ntawm Mexico mines tau rov pib ua haujlwm
Kwv yees li 80% ntawm Mexico txoj kev lag luam mining tau rov pib dua thaum lub teb chaws txuas ntxiv txo cov kev txwv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm mining thaum muaj tus kab mob coronavirus pandemic, Francisco Quiroga, Mexico tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm mines nrog lub teb chaws Ministry of Economy, tau hais hauv kev xam phaj nrog S&P Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam Kev Txawj Ntse.
Lub teb chaws tau kaw qhov kev lag luam mining thaum lub Peb Hlis lig hauv kev teb rau covid-19 thiab tau pib tso cai rov pib dua thaum nruab nrab Lub Tsib Hlis tom qab nws tshaj tawm kev ua haujlwm tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kev ua haujlwm tau pib nce ntawm Newmont's Penasquito kub mine thiab Alamos Kub's Mulatos kub mine.
Hnub Monday, Excellon Resources (TSX: EXN) tshaj tawm txog kev rov pib ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws, suav nrog Platosa, Mexico cov nyiaj qib siab tshaj plaws.
Avino Nyiaj & Kub (TSX: ASM, NYSE: ASM) kuj tau tshaj tawm rau hnub Monday nws tab tom pib ua haujlwm ib ntus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov av Avino ze Durango, Mexico.
Tshawb nrhiav thiab txhim kho lub tuam txhab Bacanora Lithium (LON: BCN) tshaj tawm nws xav tias yuav rov qhib Hermosillo pilot cog ntawm nws qhov project Sonora lithium lub hlis no.
Endeavor Silver (TSX: EDR) (NYSE: EXK) kuj tau rov ua haujlwm ntawm nws peb lub mines nyiaj-kub hauv av hauv Mexico. Lub caij no, Fortuna Silver Mines (NYSE: FSM) (TSX: FVI) tau rov pib ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub San José mine , hauv Mexico lub xeev yav qab teb ntawm Oaxaca.
Mexico yog lub luag haujlwm rau ze li 23% ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev tsim cov nyiaj, churning tawm ntau dua 200 lab ooj xyoo tas los, nce los ntawm 196.6 lab ooj hauv xyoo 2018.
Lub teb chaws tseem muaj tooj liab thiab zinc loj mines, ua los ntawm Grupo Mexico thiab Southern Copper, thiab tsim cov kub kub, ua rau cov mining sector ua lub luag haujlwm txog li 4% ntawm lub teb chaws cov khoom lag luam tag nrho.
Quiroga tau hais hauv S&P Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam Kev Txawj Ntse kev sib tham, "Cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas tau rov hais dua cov haujlwm tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab npaj tau zoo tshaj plaws rov qab mus ua haujlwm,"
Quiroga tau hais tias Mexico Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm yuav muaj kev tshuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kabmob coronavirus los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem mus ntsib kuv qhov chaw yam tsis tau tshaj tawm lawv tuaj txog ua ntej.
Quiroga tau hais tias "Lawv yuav tsis muaj kev rau txim rau txim," Quiroga hais. "Yog tias muaj qee yam tsis raug, peb yuav caw cov tuam txhab los kho nws."
Pob Zeb Zeb Liner Khoom Xaiv
Cov khoom sib txawv crushed, txawv kev ua haujlwm xav tau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv kom haum. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntxhib sib tsoo compartment thiab nplua sib tsoo compartment xav tau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv.
H&G Machinery muab cov khoom hauv qab no los nrum koj lub pob zeb liner:
Manganese hlau
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov manganese steel pob zeb hauv ob sab phlu yog feem ntau 11-14%, thiab cov ntsiab lus carbon feem ntau yog 0.90-1.50%, feem ntau yog siab dua 1.0%. Ntawm qhov cuam tshuam qis, qhov hardness tuaj yeem ncav cuag HB300-400. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam loj, lub hardness tuaj yeem ncav cuag HB500-800. Nyob ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, qhov tob ntawm txheej txheej hardened tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10-20mm. Lub hardened txheej nrog siab hardness tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab txo qis hnav. High manganese steel muaj kev ua tau zoo los tiv thaiv kev hnav zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev cuam tshuam zoo abrasive hnav, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau hauv qhov hnav-tiv taus ntawm cov mining, cov khoom siv, thermal zog, thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho tshuab. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam, siab manganese hlau tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv vim tias kev ua haujlwm hardening tsis pom tseeb.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Lub npe | Chemical Composition (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | 0.9-1.5 hli | 0.3-1.0 | 11-14 | 0-2.5 hli | 0-0.5 hli | ≤ 0.05 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
| Mn18 Zeb Liner | 1.0-1.5 hli | 0.3-1.0 | 16-19 | 0-2.5 hli | 0-0.5 hli | ≤ 0.05 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
Mechanical zog thiab metallographic qauv
| Lub npe | Surface Hardness (HB) | Tus nqi cuam tshuam Ak (J / cm2) | Microstructure |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | ≤ 240 | ≥100 | A + C |
| Mn18 Zeb Liner | ≤ 260 | ≥150 | A + C |
| C -Carbide | Carbide A-Retained austenite | Austenite | |||
Khoom specification
| Loj | Qhov Dia.(mm) | Liner Ntev (mm) | ||
| ≤ 40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Ua siab ntev | +20 | +30 | +20 | +30 |
Chrome Alloy hlau
Chromium alloy cam khwb cia hlau muab faib ua high chromium alloy cam khwb cia hlau (chromium ntsiab lus 8-26% carbon ntsiab lus 2.0-3.6%), nruab nrab chromium alloy cam khwb cia hlau (chromium ntsiab lus 4-6%, carbon ntsiab lus 2.0-3.2%), tsawg chromium Peb hom alloy cam khwb cia hlau (chromium ntsiab lus 1-3%, cov ntsiab lus carbon 2.1-3.6%). Nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws feature yog hais tias lub microhardness ntawm M7C3 eutectic carbide yog HV1300-1800, uas yog faib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tawg network thiab cais nyob rau hauv lub martensite (lub hardest qauv nyob rau hauv cov hlau matrix) matrix, txo cov cleavage nyhuv ntawm matrix. Yog li ntawd, high-chromium alloy liner muaj lub zog siab, pob zeb toughness, thiab siab hnav tsis kam, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo sawv cev rau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv hlau tam sim no.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Lub npe | Chemical Composition (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| High Chrome Alloy Liner | 2.0-3.6 | 0-1.0 Nws | 0-2.0 Nws | 8–26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
| Nruab nrab Chrome Alloy Liner | 2.0-3.3 | 0-1.2 hli | 0-2.0 Nws | 4-8 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
| Tsawg Chrome Alloy Liner | 2.1-3.6 | 0-1.5 hli | 0-2.0 Nws | 1-3 | 0-1.0 Nws | ≤1.2 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
Mechanical zog thiab metallographic qauv
| Lub npe | Nto (HRC) Ak (J / cm2) | Microstructure | ||||
| High Chrome Alloy Liner | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A | |||
| Nruab nrab Chrome Alloy Liner | ≥48 | ≥10 | M+C | |||
| Tsawg Chrome Alloy Liner | ≥45 | ≥15 | M+C+P | |||
| M- Martensite | C - Carbide | A-Austenite | P-Pearlite | |||
Khoom specification
| Loj | Qhov Dia.(mm) Liner Length (mm) | |||
| ≤ 40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Ua siab ntev | +20 | +30 | +20 | +30 |
Cr-Mo Alloy hlau
H&G Machinery siv Cr-Mo alloy hlau los nrum pob zeb liner. Cov khoom siv no raws li Australia tus qauv, (AS2074 Standard L2B, thiab AS2074 Standard L2C) nws muab kev cuam tshuam zoo dua thiab hnav tsis kam nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv thov semi-autogenous milling.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Code | Chemical Elements (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| L2B | 0.6-0.9 hli | 0.4-0.7 hli | 0.6-1.0 | 1.8-2.1 | 0.2-0.4 hli | 0.3-0.5 hli | ≤ 0.04 | ≤ 0.06 |
| L2C | 0.3-0.45 Nws | 0.4-0.7 hli | 1.3-1.6 | 2.5-3.2 | 0.6-0.8 hli | 0.3-0.5 hli | ≤ 0.04 | ≤ 0.06 |
Physical Property & Microstructure
| Code | Hardness (HB) | Ak (J / cm2) | Microstructure |
| L2B | 325-375 : kuv | ≥50 | P |
| L2C | 350-400 Nws | ≥75 | M |
| M-Martensite, C-Carbide, A-Austenite, P-Pearlite | |||
Ni-Hard Steel
Ni-Hard yog ib qho dawb cam khwb cia hlau, alloyed nrog npib tsib xee thiab chromium haum rau qhov tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam, zawv zawg abrasion rau ob qho tib si ntub thiab qhuav. Ni-Hard yog cov khoom siv hnav-resistant, cam khwb cia rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov duab uas zoo tagnrho rau siv nyob rau hauv abrasive thiab hnav ib puag ncig thiab kev siv.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Lub npe | C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | S | P | Mo | Hardness |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 1-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 0.3-0.8 hli | 0.2-0.8 hli | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 Nws | ≤ 0.12 | ≤ 0.15 | ≤0.5 | 550-600 HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 2.8-3.2 | 0.3-0.8 hli | 0.2-0.8 hli | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 Nws | ≤ 0.12 | ≤ 0.15 | ≤0.5 | 500-550 HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 1.5-2.2 | 0.2-0.8 hli | 4.0-5.5 | 8.0-10.0 Nws | ≤ 0.12 | ≤ 0.15 | ≤0.5 | 630-670 HBN |
Dawb Hlau Hlau
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Lub npe | Chemical Composition (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| Dawb Hlau Hlau Liner | 2.0-3.3 | 0-0.8 hli | ≤ 2.0 | 12-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤ 0.06 | ≤ 0.06 |
Physical Property & Microstructure
| Lub npe | HRC | Ak(J/cm2) | Microstructure |
| Dawb Hlau Hlau Liner | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A |
| M-Martensite C-Carbide A-Austenite | |||
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug tshwj xeeb, thov hu rau peb tus engineer los pab koj!
Nick Sun [email protected]
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-19-2020