Vale wuxuu dib u furi karaa Itabira ka dib cabirada coronavirus
Macdanta birta Brazil ee Vale SA waxay heshay ogolaansho ay dib ugu furto miinada dhismaha Itabira ee xiran walaaca coronavirus awgiis, shirkaddu waxay ku sheegtay fayl gareyn Arbacadii, iyada oo intaa ku dartay inaysan jirin wax isbeddel ah oo ku yimid hagitaankeeda wax soo saar.
Vale waxa ay sheegtay in ay ogolansho dib u furida miinada ka heshay kormeerayaasha shaqada ee gobolka Minas Gerais. Waxay ku soo gabagabeeyeen in tillaabooyinka Vale uu qaaday si loo yareeyo khatarta fayraska iyo ilaalinta shaqaalaheeda ay ku filan yihiin inay dib u bilaabaan shaqada, ayay shirkaddu tidhi.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Vale wuxuu sheegay in shaqadu ay si tartiib tartiib ah u bilaaban doonto.
Dhismaha Itabira wuxuu soo saaray ku dhawaad 36 milyan oo tan oo macdanta birta ah sanadka 2019, sida uu qabo Vale, wadarta guud ee wax soo saarka qiyaastii 302 milyan oo tan.
Maxkamad ayaa horay u amartay in dhismaha Itabira la xiro dabayaaqadii bishii May, balse go’aankaas ayaa isla markiiba la buriyay.
Kadib, horraantii Juun, garsooruhu wuxuu amray in la xidho ka dib markii 188 shaqaale ah laga helay cudurka 'coronavirus'.
Kubadda Mill Liner Xulashada Qalabka
Waxyaabaha kala duwan ee la jajabiyey, xaaladaha shaqada ee kala duwan waxay u baahan yihiin qalabyo kala duwan oo ku habboon. Sidoo kale, qaybta wax lagu shiido ee aan qallafsanayn iyo qaybta wax lagu shiido waxay u baahan tahay qalabyo kala duwan.
H&G ayaa bixiya agabka soo socda si aad u tuurto makiinadaada kubbadda:
Birta Manganese
Maaddada manganese ee saxanka sare ee birta birta manganese ee saxanka dahaarka guud ahaan waa 11-14%, kaarboonku guud ahaan waa 0.90-1.50%, kuwaas oo intooda badan ka sarreeya 1.0%. Markay tahay culayska saamaynta hooseeya, engegnaanta waxay gaari kartaa HB300-400. Marka culeyska sareeyo, engegnaanta waxay gaari kartaa HB500-800. Iyadoo ku xiran culeyska saameynta, qoto dheer ee lakabka adag wuxuu gaari karaa 10-20mm. Lakabka qallafsan ee leh qallafsanaanta sare waxay iska caabin kartaa saameynta waxayna yareyn kartaa dharbaaxada. Birta manganese-ka sare waxay leedahay wax qabad heer sare ah oo ka-hortagga xirashada iyadoo la raacayo xaaladda saameyn xooggan oo daal ah, sidaas darteed waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa qaybaha xirashada u adkaysta ee macdanta, qalabka dhismaha, awoodda kulaylka, iyo qalabka kale ee farsamada. Marka la eego shuruudaha xaaladaha saameynta hooseeya, birta manganese sare ma sameyn karto sifooyinka walxaha sababtoo ah saameynta adkeynta shaqadu maaha mid cad.
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Magaca | Halabuurka Kiimikada (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | 0.9-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 11-14 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Mn18 Mill Liner | 1.0-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 16-19 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Guryaha makaanikada iyo qaab-dhismeedka biraha
| Magaca | Hardness Dusha sare (HB) | Qiimaha Saamaynta Ak (J/cm2) | Qaab-dhismeedka yar yar |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | ≤240 | ≥100 | A+C |
| Mn18 Mill Liner | ≤260 | ≥150 | A+C |
| C -Carbide | Carbide A-ustenite la hayo | Austenite | |||
Tilmaamaha alaabta
| Cabbirka | Hole Dia (mm) | Dhererka xadhkaha (mm) | ||
| ≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Dulqaad | +20 | +30 | +20 | +30 |
Birta Daawaha ee Chrome
Birta daawaha ee Chromium waxa loo qaybiyaa birta chromium aluminium sare ah (koox ka kooban 8-26% kaarboon ka kooban 2.0-3.6%), birta daawaha chromium dhexdhexaad ah ( content chromium 4-6%, content carbon 2.0-3.2%), hoose Saddex nooc oo ah birta dabaysha (ka kooban chromium 1-3%, kaarboonka 2.1-3.6%). Muuqaalkeeda cajiibka ah ayaa ah in microhardness ee M7C3 eutectic carbide uu yahay HV1300-1800, kaas oo loo qaybiyo qaab shabakad jaban oo go'doonsan martensite (qaabka ugu adag ee shaxanka birta) matrix, yaraynta saameynta dillaaca ee matrixka. Sidaa darteed, xargaha daawaynta sare ee chromium-ka ayaa leh awood sare, adkaanta kubbadda, iyo caabbinta sare ee dharka, iyo waxqabadkeedu wuxuu ka dhigan yahay heerka ugu sarreeya ee qalabka birta u adkaysta ee hadda jira.
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Magaca | Halabuurka Kiimikada (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| Khadka Sare ee Aloyiga Chrome | 2.0-3.6 | 0-1.0 | 0-2.0 | 8-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Dhexdhexaadiyaha Alloy Chrome | 2.0-3.3 | 0-1.2 | 0-2.0 | 4-8 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Xadhkaha Dabeecadda Aloyiga ee Chrome Low | 2.1-3.6 | 0-1.5 | 0-2.0 | 1-3 | 0-1.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Guryaha makaanikada iyo qaab-dhismeedka biraha
| Magaca | Dusha sare (HRC) Ak (J/cm2) | Qaab-dhismeedka yar yar | ||||
| Khadka Sare ee Aloyiga Chrome | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A | |||
| Dhexdhexaadiyaha Alloy Chrome | ≥48 | ≥10 | M+C | |||
| Xadhkaha Dabeecadda Aloyiga ee Chrome Low | ≥45 | ≥15 | M+C+P | |||
| M- Martensite | C - Carbide | A-Austenite | P-Pearlite | |||
Tilmaamaha alaabta
| Cabbirka | Hole Dia. (mm) Dhererka xadhkaha (mm) | |||
| ≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Dulqaad | +20 | +30 | +20 | +30 |
Cr-Mo Alloy Steel
Mashiinnada H&G waxay adeegsadaan birta daawaynta ee Cr-Mo si ay u tuuraan makiinada wax-shiidka. Walaxdan oo ku salaysan heerka Australia, (AS2074 Standard L2B, iyo AS2074 Standard L2C) waxa ay bixisa saamayn heersare ah oo ay xidhato iska caabin dhammaan codsiyada wax-shiidka ee semi-autogenous.
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Koodhka | Walxaha Kiimikada (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| L2B | 0.6-0.9 | 0.4-0.7 | 0.6-1.0 | 1.8-2.1 | 0.2-0.4 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
| L2C | 0.3-0.45 | 0.4-0.7 | 1.3-1.6 | 2.5-3.2 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
Hantida Jirka & Dhismayaasha yar yar
| Koodhka | Hardness (HB) | Ak (J/cm2) | Qaab-dhismeedka yar yar |
| L2B | 325-375 | ≥50 | P |
| L2C | 350-400 | ≥75 | M |
| M-Martensite, C-Carbide, A-Austenite, P-Pearlite | |||
Ni-hard Steel
Ni-Hard waa bir shub ah oo cad, oo lagu daray nikkel iyo chromium oo ku habboon saamaynta hoose, naaxinta simbiriirixan ee codsiyada qoyan iyo kuwa qalalan. Ni-Hard waa shay aad u adkaysi badan, oo lagu shubay foomamka iyo qaababka kuwaas oo ku habboon in loo isticmaalo meelaha xoqan iyo xidhashada jawiga iyo codsiyada.
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Magaca | C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | S | P | Mo | Adag |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 1-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 550-600HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 2.8-3.2 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 500-550HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 1.5-2.2 | 0.2-0.8 | 4.0-5.5 | 8.0-10.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 630-670HBN |
Birta Cad ee Birta
Halabuurka Kiimikada
| Magaca | Halabuurka Kiimikada (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Cu | P | S | |
| Xadhkaha Birta Cad ee Birta | 2.0-3.3 | 0-0.8 | ≤2.0 | 12-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Hantida Jirka & Dhismayaasha yar yar
| Magaca | HRC | Ak (J/cm2) | Qaab-dhismeedka yar yar |
| Xadhkaha Birta Cad ee Birta | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A |
| M-Martensite C- Carbide A-Austenite | |||
Haddii aad hayso su'aal gaar ah, fadlan la xidhiidh injineerkayaga si uu kuugu adeego!
Nick Sun [email protected]
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-19-2020