Escondida na-enye ezumike nka n'oge n'etiti ọrịa na-efe efe
BHP kwuru na Wenezde na ogbunigwe ọla kọpa Escondida dị na Chile, nke kachasị n'ụwa, enyela ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ nhọrọ maka ịla ezumike nka n'oge n'oge ọrịa coronavirus, atụmatụ nke otu ụlọ ọrụ gbawara dị ka atụmatụ ịchụpụ ndị agadi na ndị ọrịa.
Escondida kwuru na nkwupụta ya na Reuters, onyinye a ga-enye ngwungwu ezumike nka “emelitere” maka ndị ọrụ mezuru “ihe achọrọ.” Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ jụrụ ịkọwapụta ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ.
Mana otu ndị ọrụ ya siri ike kwuru na ha bu n'obi ịrata ndị agadi na ndị nwere ahụike ka ha lara ezumike nka n'oge mgbe ọtụtụ ka kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ. Iwu gọọmentị ewepụtalarị ndị ọrụ kacha emerụ ahụ n'akụkụ iji chebe ahụike ha.
"(BHP) na-anwa iwepu onwe ya ibu arọ nke ijide ọrụ nke ndị ọrịa na ndị agadi, bụ ndị gafere… ezumike nka, ga-ahapụ ugbu a enweghị ọrụ," otu ahụ kwuru na nkwupụta.
Otu ahụ kwuru na ọ ga-eleba anya nke ọma na atụmatụ ndị a iji hụ na ejighị ha mee ihe iji kpochapụ ndị ọrụ n'oge ọrịa a. Enwere ndị ọrụ 2,372 jikọtara ọnụ na ogbunigwe ahụ.
Esemokwu dị n'etiti BHP's Escondida na ndị ọrụ ya jikọrọ ọnụ na-abịa dịka ntiwapụ nke Coronavirus agbasala n'ọtụtụ ọzara ugwu nke Chile nwere ọgaranya. Mba South America edekọla ihe karịrị ọrịa 300,000 nke nje yana ihe karịrị ọnwụ 6,500.
Mịnịsta na-egwupụta akụ na ụba Baldo Prokurica arịọla ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ ka ha zere ịchụpụ ma chebe ahụike ndị ọrụ ka ha na-ejigide mmepụta.
Escondida akọwapụtaghị ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọrụ ọ tụrụ anya na ha ga-ewere nhọrọ ezumike nka.
Nhọrọ ihe eji eme Ball Mill Liner
Ihe dị iche iche agbajiri agbaji, ọnọdụ ọrụ dị iche iche chọrọ ihe mkpuchi ihe dị iche iche dabara adaba. Ọzọkwa, ebe a na-egweri ahịhịa na ebe a na-egwe nri dị mma chọrọ liners dị iche iche.
H&G Machinery na-enye ihe ndị a iji tụba igwe igwe igwe bọọlụ gị:
Manganese ígwè
Ọdịnaya manganese nke nnukwu manganese ígwè igwe igwe igwe ihe igwe ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ 11-14%, ọdịnaya carbon na-abụkarị 0.90-1.50%, ọtụtụ n'ime ha karịrị 1.0%. Na ibu mmetụta dị ala, ike ike nwere ike iru HB300-400. Na oke mmetụta dị elu, ike ike nwere ike iru HB500-800. Dabere na ibu mmetụta, omimi nke oyi akwa siri ike nwere ike iru 10-20mm. Ngwunye siri ike nke nwere ike dị elu nwere ike iguzogide mmetụta ma belata ihe mgbochi. Ngwongwo manganese dị elu nwere arụmọrụ mgbochi na-eyi nke ọma n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke mmetụta siri ike na-eyi abrasive, ya mere a na-ejikarị ya na akụkụ ndị na-eguzogide oyi nke Ngwuputa, ihe owuwu, ike ọkụ, na ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ọnọdụ mmetụta dị ala, ígwè manganese dị elu enweghị ike ịmepụta àgwà nke ihe ahụ n'ihi na ọrụ siri ike na-arụ ọrụ abụghị ihe doro anya.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
| Aha | Ngwakọta kemịkalụ (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ku | P | S | |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | 0.9-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 11-14 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Mn18 Mill Liner | 1.0-1.5 | 0.3-1.0 | 16-19 | 0-2.5 | 0-0.5 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Mechanical Njirimara na metallographic Ọdịdị
| Aha | Ịdị ike n'elu ala (HB) | Ọnụ ahịa mmetụta Ak (J/cm2) | Microstructure |
| Mn14 Mill Liner | ≤240 | ≥100 | A+C |
| Mn18 Mill Liner | ≤260 | ≥150 | A+C |
| C -Carbide | Carbide A-ejigide austenite | Austenite | |||
Nkọwapụta ngwaahịa
| Nha | Hole Dia (mm) | Ogologo ogologo (mm) | ||
| ≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Ndidi | +20 0 | + 0 | +20 | + |
Chrome Alloy Steel
Chromium alloy nkedo ígwè na-ekewa n'ime nnukwu chromium alloy cast iron (chromium ọdịnaya 8-26% carbon ọdịnaya 2.0-3.6%), ọkara chromium alloy cast iron (chromium ọdịnaya 4-6%, carbon ọdịnaya 2.0-3.2%), obere chromium. Ụdị ígwè nkedo alloy atọ (ọdịnaya chromium 1-3%, ọdịnaya carbon 2.1-3.6%). Akụkụ ya dị ịrịba ama bụ na microhardness nke M7C3 eutectic carbide bụ HV1300-1800, nke a na-ekesa n'ụdị netwọk gbajiri agbaji ma dịpụrụ adịpụ na martensite (ihe owuwu kachasị sie ike na matrix metal) matriks, na-ebelata mmetụta nkwụsị na matriks. Ya mere, akwa akwa chromium alloy liner nwere ike dị elu, ihe igwe igwe na-esi ike, na nkwụsi ike dị elu, na arụmọrụ ya na-anọchite anya ọkwa kachasị elu nke ihe ndị na-eguzogide ígwè ugbu a.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
| Aha | Ngwakọta kemịkalụ (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ku | P | S | |
| High Chrome Alloy Liner | 2.0-3.6 | 0-1.0 | 0-2.0 | 8-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Middle Chrome Alloy Liner | 2.0-3.3 | 0-1.2 | 0-2.0 | 4-8 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
| Obere chrome Alloy Liner | 2.1-3.6 | 0-1.5 | 0-2.0 | 1-3 | 0-1.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Mechanical Njirimara na metallographic Ọdịdị
| Aha | Elu (HRC) Ak (J/cm2) | Microstructure | ||||
| High Chrome Alloy Liner | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A | |||
| Middle Chrome Alloy Liner | ≥48 | ≥10 | M+C | |||
| Obere chrome Alloy Liner | ≥45 | ≥15 | M+C+P | |||
| M-Martensite | C - Carbide | A-Austenite | P-Pearlite | |||
Nkọwapụta ngwaahịa
| Nha | Hole Dia.(mm) Ogologo ogologo (mm) | |||
| ≤40 | ≥40 | ≤250 | ≥250 | |
| Ndidi | +20 0 | + 0 | +20 | + |
Cr-Mo Alloy Steel
Igwe Qiming na-eji Cr-Mo alloy steel tụọ bọọlụ igwe ihe. Ihe a dabere na ọkọlọtọ Australia, (AS2074 Standard L2B, na AS2074 Standard L2C) ọ na-enye mmetụta dị elu ma na-eyi nguzogide na ngwa igwe igwe ihe niile.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
| Koodu | Ngwakọta kemịkalụ (%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ku | P | S | |
| L2B | 0.6-0.9 | 0.4-0.7 | 0.6-1.0 | 1.8-2.1 | 0.2-0.4 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
| L2C | 0.3-0.45 | 0.4-0.7 | 1.3-1.6 | 2.5-3.2 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.3-0.5 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.06 |
Ngwongwo anụ ahụ & Microstructure
| Koodu | Isi ike (HB) | Ak (J/cm2) | Microstructure |
| L2B | 325-375 | ≥50 | P |
| L2C | 350-400 | ≥75 | M |
| M-Martensite, C-Carbide, A-Austenite, P-Pearlite | |||
Ni-hard Steel
Ni-Hard bụ ígwè nkedo na-acha ọcha, nke nwere nickel na chromium dabara adaba maka mmetụta dị ala, abrasion na-amị amị maka ma mmiri mmiri na ngwa akọrọ. Ni-Hard bụ ihe na-egbochi ike eyi nke ukwuu, nke a na-atụba n'ụdị na ụdị nke dị mma maka ojiji na gburugburu ebe obibi na ngwa ngwa.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
| Aha | C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | S | P | Mo | Isi ike |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 1-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 550-600HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 2.8-3.2 | 0.3-0.8 | 0.2-0.8 | 3.0-5.0 | 1.5-3.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 500-550HBN |
| Ni-Hard AS2027 Gr Ni Cr 2-550 | 3.2-3.6 | 1.5-2.2 | 0.2-0.8 | 4.0-5.5 | 8.0-10.0 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.5 | 630-670HBN |
Igwe Ọcha ọcha
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ
| Aha | Ngwakọta kemịkalụ(%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ku | P | S | |
| White Iron Steel Liner | 2.0-3.3 | 0-0.8 | ≤2.0 | 12-26 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 |
Ngwongwo anụ ahụ & Microstructure
| Aha | HRC | Ak (J/cm2) | Microstructure |
| White Iron Steel Liner | ≥58 | ≥3.5 | M+C+A |
| M-Martensite C- Carbide A-Austenite | |||
@Nick Sun [email protected]
Oge nzipu: Jul-10-2020