Barrick akukulitsa mkangano ndi PNG pa mgodi wa Porgera

Barrick Gold waku Canada (TSX: ABX) (NYSE: GOLD)  adapereka chidziwitso ku boma la Papua New Guinea  (PNG) chifukwa chokana dzikolo kukonzanso layisensi ya mgodi wa Porgera.

Wopanga golide wachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi akunena kuti  chisankho cha PNG chokana pempho  lachiwongoladzanja chobwereketsa chinaphwanya mgwirizano wapakati pa mayiko ndi Australia, komanso malamulo apadziko lonse oyendetsera ndalama zakunja.

Ngati maphwando sangathe kuthetsa mkanganowo pokambirana, Barrick akukonzekera kutenga PNG ku mgwirizano wapadziko lonse.

"Ndizokwiyitsa kuti Barrick ikufuna kutsutsana ndi mayiko ena kudzera m'mabungwe ake khoti la PNG lisanapereke chigamulo pamlanduwu," adatero Catherine Coumans, wa MiningWatch Canada m'mawu ake. 

"Mgodi ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zoyipa kwambiri za migodi mosasamala zomwe ndikuzidziwa," anawonjezera.

Barrick ndi mnzake waku China, Zijin Mining,  adayimitsa kwakanthawi ntchito  mumgodi ku Enga Province kumapeto kwa Epulo. Kusunthaku kudatsata Prime Minister James Marape kukana kukonzanso chilolezo cha Porgera potengera zovuta za  chilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu.

Wogwira ntchito ku migodi ku Toronto adanena kuti kukana koteroko kudalengezedwa poyera popanda kudziwitsa woyang'anira mgodi, Barrick Niugini Limited, kapena kutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera.

M'mwezi wa Meyi, chimphona chagolide chidapereka gawo lowonjezera la 15% mumgodi wa Porgera kwa eni malo amderalo, pofuna kuyesanso kuthetsa kusamvana ndi boma pazatsogolo la mgodi.

Pambuyo pake PNG idawopseza Barrick ndi mlandu, ponena kuti mgwirizano wa kampaniyo mdzikolo ukukonzekera kutumiza $13 miliyoni mugolide ndi siliva ku Australia mosaloledwa. BNL yatsutsa zonenazo.

Mkangano womwe ukupitilira wachita ku Barrick zomwe mliriwu sunachite - wasokoneza zomwe zikuyembekezeka chaka chino. Tsopano  ikuyembekeza kupanga pakati pa 4.6 miliyoni ndi 5 miliyoni ma ounces a golidi  chaka chino - ma ounces 200,000 kutsika kuposa momwe analiri kale.

Barrick adawulula panthawiyo kuti PNG idafunsanso kampaniyo ndi Zijin  kulipira $ 191-miliyoni pamisonkho yakumbuyo , yochokera ku kafukufuku wamisonkho womwe unachitika pakati pa 2006 ndi 2015.

Kuthekera kwa gawo limodzi

Purezidenti wa Barrick komanso wamkulu wamkulu wa Barrick, a Mark Bristow, adanena mu Marichi kuti  Porgera ali ndi "gawo limodzi"  koma adakumana ndi zovuta zambiri monga "zovuta za cholowa komanso madera osamvera."

Mgodi wa golidi, womwe uli kudera la kumpoto kwa PNG, ndi mgwirizano pakati pa Barrick ndi Zijin Mining. Aliyense ali ndi 47.5% ya mgodi, ndipo 5% yotsalayo ili ndi gulu la eni malo a Mineral Resources Enga.

Porgera imathandizira pafupifupi 10% yazogulitsa kunja kwa dzikolo ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito anthu opitilira 3,300 a Papua New Guinea.

Dzenje lotseguka ndi mgodi wa golidi wapansi panthaka umakhala pamalo okwera mamitala 2,200-2,600 m’chigawo cha Enga, ndipo ndi pafupifupi makilomita 600 (makilomita 370) kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Port Moresby.

Makampani ena amigodi omwe amagwira ntchito ku PNG, kuphatikiza Newcrest ya Australia (ASX: NCM), sanakhudzidwe ndi chigamulo chokhudza Porgera. Mgodi "walandira" thandizo la Prime Minister pamtengo wake  wagolide wa Wafi Golpu ndi mkuwa , ndikuwonjezera kuti kubwereketsa kwake kwapadera kwa migodi pa ntchito za Lihir kumakhalabe pabwino ndi kukonzanso kosafunikira mpaka 2035.

Makhalidwe ndi Miyezo ya Chromium Alloy Steel Mill liners

High chromium alloy cast iron aloyi nthawi zambiri amatanthauza chitsulo chosungunuka choyera chokhala ndi chromium 12% - 30% ndi mpweya wa 2.4% - 3.6%. Amadziwika ndi microhardness hv1300 ~ 1800 ya M7C3 eutectic carbide, yomwe imamwazikana pa masanjidwewo a martensite (yovuta kwambiri mu matrix achitsulo) mu mawonekedwe a maukonde osweka ndi mawonekedwe akutali, omwe amachepetsa kugawanika kwa matrix. . Choncho, chingwe chapamwamba cha chromium alloy chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, zolimba, komanso kukana kuvala kwapamwamba, ndipo kachitidwe kake kakuyimira mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wazitsulo zosavala zachitsulo. Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu akuluakulu a simenti a mpira kunja. Moyo wautumiki wa bin yoyamba ndi zaka 6-8, ndipo wachiwiri ndi wachitatu ndi zaka zoposa 12.

Pakugwiritsa ntchito, mbale yotsika ya carbon high chromium cast iron (zitsulo) nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito yokhala ndi katundu wambiri, ndipo mbale yayikulu ya carbon ndi high chromium cast iron chitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito yokhala ndi katundu wocheperako, kuti perekani kusewera kwathunthu ku kukana kuvala kwa zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, Cr15 liner yokhala ndi 2.4% ～ 2.65% C ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mphero zosachepera 4.2m (bin imodzi); Cr20 ndi Cr26 liners ndi 2.65% ～ 2.85% C angagwiritsidwe ntchito mphero pamwamba 4.2m; pamene pali pre pulverizing dongosolo pamaso akupera, monga "wodzigudubuza press + simenti mphero", pafupifupi mpira awiri ndi zosakwana 60mm, ndi C okhutira akhoza kukhala apamwamba, amene angatsimikizire moyo utumiki (bin imodzi) wa 8-10 zaka, ndipo moyo wautumiki wa bin 2 ndi 3 ndi wautali. Mbale yoperayo imatha kupangidwa ndi sing'anga (yotsika) ya carbon high chromium cast iron; mbale yotulutsa kabati ikhoza kupangidwa ndi sing'anga ndi mkulu wa carbon high chromium cast iron; bolodi yogawa yopangidwa ndi midadada imatha kupangidwa ndi chitsulo chotsika cha carbon high chromium cast.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino

Zopangira zitsulo za chromium alloy steel mphero zopangidwa ndi Qiming Machinery zikuphatikiza Cr13, Cr15, Cr20, ndi Cr26, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphero zopitilira 200 zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya ø1.83M, ø2.2M, ø3M, ø3.5m , ø3.8m, ø4.2m, ø5M, ndi ø5.4m. Mwachitsanzo, mphero ya Cr15 yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu bin yoyamba ya ø2.2m × 6.5m mphero mu Yanshi simenti kwa zaka 13; Mphero ya Cr15 yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu bin yoyamba ya ø 3m×9m mphero ku Shunbao Cement kwa zaka 7; Mu Meyi 2020, ma liner a Cr26 mphero ndi mbale yopera yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa ø5.4m × 15.5m super mphero ya Dayu simenti (Shandong) Co., Ltd. zakhala zikuyenda mosalekeza kwa zaka zopitilira 6. Malinga ndi lipoti la kasitomala, moyo wautumiki wa mbale yoperayo wadutsa nthawi za 2 za mbale yoyambira yochokera kunja, ndipo ikuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka pafupifupi 2.

Chromium aloyi zitsulo liners mpherokuponyera kupanga

Kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwazitsulo zapamwamba za chromium alloy steel mphero

Posankha zida zachitsulo zopangira chromium kuti zikonzekere mphero, makampani opanga ayenera kupereka patsogolo kukana kwake, nthawi yomweyo, ayeneranso kusamala kwambiri kuphatikiza mphamvu ndi kulimba. Pokhapokha ngati organic yofananira yamphamvu kwambiri, kulimba kolimba, ndi kukana kuvala kwambiri kungatheke kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kwachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chromium chambiri kuti chiwonetsedwe kwathunthu.

Kuti muwonjezere chitsulo chachitsulo cha chromium, kulimba kwa KIC kwa chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha chromium chiyenera kuonjezedwa kaye. Pamene CR> 13%, M7C3 eutectic carbides ya high chromium cast iron ikhoza kusweka ndi kudzipatula. Pamene ma eutectic carbides amakhalabe osasinthika ndipo chiŵerengero cha CR / C chili pakati pa 6.6 ndi 7.1, kulimba kwa KIC kwamtengo wapatali wa chromium cast iron iron ndipamwamba kwambiri, ndiko kunena kuti, kukana kufalitsa ming'alu ndiko kwamphamvu kwambiri. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ma morphology, kugawa, ndi kukula kwa M7C3 eutectic carbides kumatha kupitilizidwa ndikuzimitsa kutentha kwambiri kapena kukulitsa nthawi yogwira,

Wonjezerani kulimba. Njira yosavuta komanso yachuma yosinthira morphology, kuchuluka, kukula ndi kugawa kwa eutectic carbides mu chitsulo chachikulu cha chromium ndikuwongolera mphamvu ndi kulimba kwake ndikusintha chitsulo chosungunuka, kuwongolera kulimba kwake, komanso chofunikira kwambiri, kuyenga carbide eutectic, kuchepetsa kugawanika kwake pamatrix, kuyeretsa matrix ndikuwongolera kulimba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito motetezeka kwazitsulo zopangira zitsulo za chromium liners mphero

• Kuthyoka ndiye njira yayikulu yolephera ya liner yayikulu ya chromium alloy. Zomwe zimayambitsa fracture ndi kuponya zolakwika, monga kuponyera porosity, shrinkage cavity, porosity, kuphatikizidwa, ndi zina zotero.
• Zopangira zitsulo za chromium alloy zazitali ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono komanso zokhuthala, dzenje limodzi la bawuti, kapena opanda bolt. Sizololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbale yayikulu ndi yopyapyala kapena iwiri ya bolt.
• Pakuyika mbale yayikulu ya chromium, mbale yokhala ndi mabowo a bawuti iyenera kukhazikika ndi mabawuti. Kuyika pamwamba ndi pamwamba pa silinda ziyenera kukhudzana. Ndi bwino kusankha khushoni labala ngati khushoni. Ndizoletsedwa kukhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito liner yapamwamba ya chromium popanda zoyala zilizonse. Panthawi yoyamba (Kuyesa) ntchito itatha kuyika, mpheroyo iyenera kudzazidwa ndi zinthu zina musanayambe ntchito. Ndikoletsedwa kwambiri kuyendetsa mphero popanda katundu.

@Nick Sun     [email protected]