Barrick wuxuu kordhiyey khilaafka PNG ee ku saabsan miinada Porgera

Barrick Gold ee Kanada (TSX: ABX) (NYSE: GOLD) ayaa  ogeysiis khilaaf ah u gudbiyay xukuumadda Papua New Guinea  (PNG) oo ku saabsan diidmada waddanku uu u cusboonaysiiyay shatiga macdanta Porgera.

Soo saaraha dahabiga ah ee labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka ayaa ku doodaya in  go'aanka PNG ay ku diiday codsiga  kordhinta ijaarka ay jabisay heshiis maalgashi oo laba geesood ah oo u dhexeeya dalka iyo Australia, iyo sidoo kale sharciga caalamiga ah ee xukuma maalgashiga shisheeye.

Haddii dhinacyadu aysan ku xallin karin khilaafka wada xaajood, Barrick wuxuu qorsheynayaa inuu PNG u qaado dhexdhexaadinta caalamiga ah.

"Waa wax laga xumaado in Barrick uu raadinayo dhexdhexaadin caalami ah iyada oo loo marayo kaabayaasheeda ka hor inta aysan maxkamadda PNG xitaa xukuntay kiiska," Catherine Coumans, MiningWatch Canada, ayaa ku tiri hadal ay soo saartay. 

"Miinadu waa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu xun ee macdan darrada mas'uuliyad-darrada ah ee aan ka warqabo," ayay raacisay.

Barrick iyo la-hawlgalkiisa Shiinaha, Zijin Mining,  ayaa si ku-meel-gaar ah u joojiyey hawlihii  miinada ee Gobolka Enga dabayaaqadii bishii Abriil. Talaabadan ayaa daba socotay diidmadii ra'iisul wasaare James Marape ee ah in uu dib u cusboonaysiiyo ogolaanshaha Porgera taas oo ku salaysan arrimo khuseeya  deegaanka iyo bulshada.

Macdanta fadhigeedu yahay Toronto ayaa xustay diidmadan oo kale waxaa si guud loogu dhawaaqay iyada oo aan la ogaysiin maamulaha miinada, Barrick Niugini Limited, ama aan la raacin nidaamka sharciga ah.

Bishii Maajo, kooxda dahabiga ah ayaa 15% dheeri ah ku siisay miinada Porgera milkiilayaasha deegaanka, isku day cusub oo ay ku jebinayso is mari waaga ka dhexeeya dawladda ee mustaqbalka macdanta.

PNG ayaa markii dambe ugu hanjabtay Barrick dacwad ciqaabeed, iyada oo ku andacoonaysa in shirkadda ay iskaashanayaan ee dalka ay qorsheynayeen in ay si sharci darro ah ugu dhoofiyaan $13 milyan oo dahab iyo qalin ah Australia. BNL ayaa beenisay eedeymaha.

Muranka socda wuxuu ku sameeyay Barrick waxa aan masiibada ka dhicin - waxay hoos u dhigtay wax soo saarka la filayo sanadka. Waxay  hadda rajaynaysaa inay soo saarto inta u dhaxaysa 4.6 milyan iyo 5 milyan oo wiqiyadood oo dahab ah  sanadkan - 200,000 wiqiyadood oo ka hooseeya qiyaasteedii hore.

Barrick ayaa shaaca ka qaaday wakhtigaas in PNG ay sidoo kale weydiisay shirkadda iyo Zijin inay  bixiyaan $ 191-million oo canshuur celin ah , taasoo ka dhalatay xisaab-celin canshuureed oo la sameeyay intii u dhaxaysay 2006 iyo 2015.

Heerka koowaad ee kartida

Madaxweynaha Barrick iyo madaxa fulinta, Mark Bristow, ayaa sheegay bishii Maarso in  Porgera uu leeyahay "awoodda heerka koowaad"  laakiin uu la kulmay caqabado badan oo ah "arrimaha dhaxalka iyo xaafad aan maamul lahayn."

Macdanta dahabka, oo ku taal gobolka waqooyi ee PNG, waa mashruuc ay iska kaashadeen Barrick iyo Zijin Mining. Mid kastaa wuxuu leeyahay 47.5% miinada, halka 5% soo hartay ay haystaan ​​kooxda iska leh ee Khayraadka Macdanta Enga.

Porgera waxa ay wax ku biirtaa ilaa 10% dhoofinta qaranka waxana ay shaqaalaysiisaa in ka badan 3,300 oo muwaadiniin Papua New Guinea ah.

Godka furan iyo godka dahabka dhulka hoostiisa laga qodo waxa uu ku fadhiyaa joog dhan 2,200-2,600 mitir ee gobolka Enga, wuxuuna qiyaastii 600 km (370 mayl) waqooyi-galbeed kaga beegan yahay Port Moresby.

Shirkadaha kale ee macdanta ee ka shaqeeya PNG, oo ay ku jiraan Australia Newcrest (ASX: NCM), saameyn kuma yeelan go'aanka ku saabsan Porgera. Macdanta ayaa "soo dhaweysay" taageerada Ra'iisul Wasaaraha ee  dahabka Wafi Golpu iyo hantida naxaasta , isaga oo intaa ku daray in heshiiskeeda gaarka ah ee macdanta ee hawlaha Lihir uu weli yahay mid wanaagsan oo cusbooneysiin ah oo aan loo baahnayn ilaa 2035.

Astaamaha iyo Heerarka Chromium Alloy Steel Mill safeeyeyaasha

Birta kabka ee chromium-ga sare guud ahaan waxa loola jeedaa birta kabka cad ee daawaha leh ee ka kooban chromium 12% - 30% iyo kaarboonka 2.4% - 3.6%. Waxaa lagu gartaa microhardness hv1300 ～ 1800 ee M7C3 eutectic carbide, kaas oo ku kala firirsan shaxanka martensite (qaabka ugu adag ee matrixka birta) qaab shabakad jaban iyo qaab go'doon ah, taas oo yaraynaysa saamaynta kala qaybsanaanta ee matrixka. . Sidaa darteed, xargaha daawaynta ee chromium-ka sare wuxuu leeyahay xoog sare, adag, iyo caabbinta xirashada sare, iyo waxqabadkeedu wuxuu u taagan yahay heerka ugu sarreeya ee qalabka birta u adkaysta. Waxa si weyn loogu isticmaali jiray warshado waaweyn oo kubadda sibidhka ah oo dibadda ah. Nolosha adeegga qashinka koowaad waa 6-8 sano, kan labaad iyo kan saddexaadna wuxuu ka badan yahay 12 sano.

Codsiga wax ku oolka ah, saxanka dahaarka leh ee kaarboonka hooseeya ee chromium-ka sareeyo (birta) waxaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa xaaladda shaqada ee leh culeys weyn oo saameyn leh, iyo saxanka dahaarka ee kaarboon sare iyo chromium sare ayaa loo isticmaalaa xaalad shaqo oo leh culeys yar oo saameyn leh, si sii ciyaar buuxda si ay u xirto caabbinta walxaha. Tusaale ahaan, Cr15 liner leh 2.4% ～ 2.65% C waxa loo isticmaali karaa miraha ka hooseeya 4.2m (hal bin); Cr20 iyo Cr26 oo leh 2.65% ～ 2.85% C waxa loo isticmaali karaa warshado ka sarreeya 4.2m; marka uu jiro nidaamka miirida ka hor inta aan la shiidi, sida "Roller Press + Mill sibidhka", celceliska dhexroorka kubbadu waa ka yar yahay 60mm, C-ku waxa uu noqon karaa mid sare, kaas oo dammaanad qaadi kara nolosha adeegga (hal bin) ee 8-10 sano, iyo nolosha adeegga bin 2 iyo 3 waa ka dheer tahay. Saxanka madaxa shiidi kara wuxuu ka samaysan karaa kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah (hooseeya) birta chromium sare; saxanka shabaggeedii dheecaanka waxaa laga samayn karaa bir ah chromium sare kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah iyo sare; looxa xijaab ka kooban blocks waxaa laga samayn karaa kaarboon hoose birta chromium sare.

Codsi wax ku ool ah

Qalabka birta-shiidka ah ee chromium aluminium ee ay soo saartay Mashiinnada Qiming waxaa ka mid ah Cr13, Cr15, Cr20, iyo Cr26, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo in ka badan 200 oo xabo oo kubbadda lagu shubo oo leh tilmaamo kala duwan iyo moodooyinka ø1.83M, ø2.2M, ø3M, ø3.5m , ø3.8m, ø4.2m, ø5M, iyo ø5.4m. Tusaale ahaan, Cr15 mill liner waxa loo isticmaalay biinka ugu horreeya ee ø2.2m × 6.5m ee sibidhka Yanshi muddo 13 sano ah; Mishiinka Cr15 waxa lagu isticmaalay biinka ugu horreeya ee ø 3m×9m ee Shunbao Cement muddo 7 sano ah; Bishii Maajo 2020, mishiinnada wax-shiidka ee Cr26 iyo saxanka shiida ee loo adeegsaday ø5.4m × 15.5m super big Mill of Dayu cement (Shandong) Co., Ltd. ayaa si joogto ah u shaqaynayay in ka badan 6 sano. Sida lagu sheegay warbixinta macmiisha, nolosha adeegga saxanadda madaxa shiidadu waxay dhaaftay 2 jeer saxanaddii asalka ahayd ee la keenay, waxaana la filayaa in la isticmaalo ilaa 2 sano.

Chromium aluminium bir qodayawax soo saarka

Hagaajinta adkaanta saamaynta xayndaabyada birta aluminiumka ah ee sarreeya

Markaad dooranayso qalabka birta ah ee chromium-ka sarreeya si loo diyaariyo qalabka wax-soo-saarka, shirkadda wax-soo-saarka waa inay mudnaanta siiso caabbinta xirashada, isla mar ahaantaana, waa inay sidoo kale fiiro gaar ah u leedahay isku-dhafka xoogga iyo adkaanta. Kaliya marka is-waafajinta dabiiciga ah ee xoogga sare, adkaanta xoogga leh, iyo iska caabbinta xirashada sare ayaa waxtarka ugu wanaagsan ee birta chromium-ka sarreeya la keeni karaa ciyaar buuxda.

Si loo hagaajiyo sifooyinka birta kabka ee chromium sare, jabka adkaanta KIC qiimaha kabka chromium sare waa in marka hore la kordhiyo. Marka CR> 13%, M7C3 eutectic karbides ee birta chromium sare waa la jebin karaa oo la go'doomin karaa. Marka carbides-ka eutectic-ka aan isbeddelin oo saamiga CR / C uu u dhexeeyo 6.6 iyo 7.1, jabka adkaanta KIC ee qiimaha sare ee birta chromium ayaa ah kan ugu sarreeya, taas oo ah in la yiraahdo, iska caabbinta faafinta dillaaca waa tan ugu xooggan. Natiijooyinku waxay muujinayaan in qaab-dhismeedka, qaybinta, iyo cabbirka M7C3 eutectic carbides lagu hagaajin karo heerkulka sare ee deminta ama dheeraynta wakhtiga haynta,

Kordhi adkaanta. Habka ugu fudud uguna dhaqaale badan ee lagu beddelo qaab-dhismeedka, tirada, xajmiga iyo qaybinta carbides eutectic ee birta chromium sare leh iyo hagaajinta xooggeeda iyo adkaanta waa in la beddelo birta dhalaalaysa, la xakameeyo adkeynteeda, iyo ka sii muhiimsan, nadiifinta karbide eutectic, la yareeyo Saamaynteeda kala qaybsanaanteeda shaxanka, nadiifi shaxanka oo hagaajiso adkaanta.

Isticmaalka badbaadada leh ee maro-dharka-dharka-dharka birta ee chromium-ga qodaya

• Jabku waa habka fashilka ugu weyn ee xadhkaha daawaynta sare ee chromium. Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee jabka waa ciladaha tuurista, sida shubidda porosity, dalool yaraanshaha, porosity, ka mid noqoshada, iwm.
• Mashiinnada wax-shiidka ee birta ah ee chromium-ga sarreeya waa inay ahaadaan kuwo yaryar oo dhumuc weyn, hal dalool, ama aan lahayn dalool bir ah. Lama oggola in la isticmaalo saxan dalool weyn oo dhuuban ama labajibbaaran.
• Inta lagu jiro rakibidda saxanadda dahaarka sare ee chromium, saxanka dahaarka leh godadka boodhka waa in si adag loogu dhejiyaa boolal. Dusha rakibaadda iyo dusha sare ee dhululubada waa in ay la xiriiraan midba midka kale. Way fiicantahay in la doorto barkin caag ah sida barkin. Waxaa si adag loo mamnuucay in la rakibo oo la isticmaalo liner-chromium sare iyada oo aan wax gogosha ah. Inta lagu jiro hawlgalka bilowga ah (Trial) ka dib rakibidda, mishiinka waa in lagu buuxiyaa qaddar gaar ah oo qalab ah ka hor qalliinka. Waxaa si adag loo mamnuucay in warshadda lagu shubo iyadoon wax rar ah lahayn.

@Nick Sun     [email protected]